Molecular Characterization of Tumor Microenvironment Remodeling During Adaptive Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Keywords:
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Tumor Microenvironment, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Adaptive Resistance, Immunotherapy, TME RemodelingAbstract
The emergence of adaptive resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is increasingly linked to complex changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This study provides a molecular-level overview of TME remodeling, focusing on immunosuppressive cell populations, stromal components, and cytokine dynamics that contribute to immune evasion and resistance. Through a literature-based analysis of studies before 2022, we detail how the interplay between immune cells and tumor signaling pathways enables immune checkpoint escape. Our findings emphasize the need for personalized immunotherapeutic strategies guided by molecular TME profiling.
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Copyright (c) -1 Ewan J. Keioni (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
